Dig the ground thoroughly, removing deep rooted perennial weeds. Rake the soil level. Use pegs marked with lines drawn two inches down from the top as a guide, having checked with a spirit level on a straight edge that the pegs are level. Allow the soil to settle for a week, and then consolidate it further by treading it evenly to remove large air pockets. The best way to do this is to shuffle your feet over the area, first in one direction then at right angles. Rake the consolidated soil to produce a fine, crumbly structure suitable for sowing seeds.

If you can, leave the area for a couple of weeks to allow weed seeds to germinate. How them off or use a weed killer that leaves the ground safe for replanting within days. Use string to divide the area into strips a yard wide and divide the strips into squares with bamboo canes or stakes. Move the canes along the strips as you sow. Use a small container that holds enough sees for a square yard. Make a mark on it if the amount only partly fills the container. Scatter the seeds as evenly as possible with a sweeping motion of the hand.

Hire or buy a calibrated granular fertilizer spreader to sow large areas quickly. Check the delivery rate over sheets of paper first and adjust the spreader until the correct amount is being applied per square meter. Dig and consolidate the soil as described for seed, but there is no need to leave it for a few weeks to allow weed seeds to germinate, the turf will prevent them from sprouting. Start by laying the turf along a straight edge. Stand on a plank while you lay the next row, as this will distribute your weight. Stagger the joints between rows to create a bond like brickwork.

Turf in a long roll will have fewer joints but again these should not align. Tamp down each row of turf to eliminate air pockets with the head of a rake, then roll the plank forwards to lay the next row. Brush sandy soil, or a mixture of peat and sand, into the joints to help bind the turfs together. If there are just a few troublesome weeds, spot treatment may be a more economical and quicker method. Brush or dab on a selective weed killer. Be careful not to kill the grass as well as the weeds.

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